Examining the Primary Care Experiences of Refugee Communities
Updated in 2023, clinical recommendations and guidance for providers that serve refugee communities.
November 10, 2023 · PDF
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Navigating Telehealth in Limited English Proficiency Populations
The goal of this article is to highlight best practices in Telemedicine as they are emerging during the Covid-19 pandemic and the barriers and facilitators to a successful Telehealth visit with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) patients.
August 3, 2020 · Article, PDF
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Oromo Community Resources
Local and online Oromo community organizations.
July 22, 2020 · Article
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Practicing Cultural Humility when Serving Immigrant and Refugee Communities
Article about the paradigm shift from the concept of "cultural competence" to "cultural humility" when serving immigrant and refugee populations.
March 16, 2020 · Article
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Key Resources to Address Health Disparities for Non-English Speaking Patients
Within Health Systems Interpreter Services Central to any medical service serving non-English speaking patients. There should be multiple modalities available […]
February 19, 2020 · Article
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Ramadan: Information for Health Care Providers
The impact fasting and religious practices during Ramadan might have on patients, including pregnant or nursing women.
August 1, 2018 · Article
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What Providers Need to Know about Ramadan
Video presentation on Ramadan and the health implications that providers should know about when working with Muslim patients who are fasting.
June 1, 2017 · Video
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Pain Scales
There are a number of scales available for assessing pain among culturally diverse populations.
December 19, 2016 · Article
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Cultural Aspects of Pain Management
Discusses cultural background as a framework that influences meaning and expression of pain.
December 19, 2016 · PDF
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Cultural Brokering & Advocacy – Interpreting for Patients with Emotional Trauma
These three video vignettes focus on medical care and interpreting that communicates compassion for a patient's trauma while focusing on the present complaint.
December 17, 2016 · Article, Video
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Sight Translation
These video vignettes role-play scenarios and their subsequent discussion videos focus on sight translation.
October 12, 2016 · Article, Video
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Translated Nurse-to-Patient Communication Pages – Harborview
Pages developed with nurses and interpreters to aid caregivers in communicating basic information to their patients.
October 5, 2016
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Medical Interpreting Pre-Session
These two video vignettes role-play medical interpreting scenarios and their subsequent discussion videos focus on the importance of providing contextual information to the interpreter.
June 24, 2016 · Article, Video
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Hints and Tips for Working with Interpreters
This video provides effective ways to bridge the communication gap between English speakers and non-English speakers through the use of interpreters.
September 28, 2011 · Video
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ABIY TSOM The Great Lent
Dietary and medical implications of fasting for followers of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church.
August 14, 2009 · Article
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Collaborative Strategies For Language Access In Health Care in Seattle & King County
Proceedings from a 2003 meeting of key stakeholders involved in providing language access services in health care in the City of Seattle and in King County, Washington.
August 13, 2009 · PDF
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Overview of Health Care in Islamic History and Experience
This article provides a short historical review about health care in Muslim experience, as well as current general information about Muslim people and their main observances and concerns in the Western health care system.
August 13, 2009 · Article
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Guidelines for Interpreted Visits
Some guidelines to consider when using interpreters.
August 11, 2009 · Article
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Chinese Language
Overview of the Chinese language, including scripts, dialects and applications for interpreters.
August 6, 2009 · Article
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¡No soy Loco! / I’m Not Crazy! Understanding the Stigma of Mental Illness in Latinos
The goal of this video is to demonstrate how Latino patients present their stigma of mental illness, and how skilled therapists manage it.
January 1, 2009 · Video
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Naming in Cambodian Culture
How naming is done in Cambodian culture and the implications for medical records.
October 6, 2008 · Article
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Cross-Cultural Medicine and Diverse Health Beliefs – Ethiopians Abroad
Article reprinted with permission from Western Journal of Medicine. By Richard M. Hodes, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. West J Med, January 1997.
January 1, 1997 · Article, PDF
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Medical Disclosure and Refugees – Telling Bad News to Ethiopian Patients
Article reprinted with permission from Western Journal of Medicine. By Yewoubdar Beyene, PhD, San Francisco, CA. West J Med, September 1992; 157:328-332.
September 1, 1992 · PDF
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Ethical Dilemmas in a Cross Cultural Context – A Chinese Example
Article reprinted with permission from Western Journal of Medicine. By Jessica H. Muller, PhD and Brian Desmond, MD, September 1992.
September 1, 1992 · PDF
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External Resources
Please also see our Related Websites page for a selected list of websites related to the populations or topics covered on EthnoMed.
This guide provides an overview of Federal civil rights laws that ensure equal opportunity for people with disabilities.
This a self-directed training course designed for physicians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners. With growing concerns about racial and ethnic disparities in health and about the need for health care systems to accommodate increasingly diverse patient populations, cultural competence has become more and more a matter of national concern. This e-learning program will equip health care providers with competencies that will enable them to better treat the increasingly diverse U.S. population.
In 2006, a 67-item curriculum needs-assessment tool named Tool for the Assessment of Cultural Competency Training (TACCT), containing 5 domains of learning specified for cultural competency training, was published on MedEdPORTAL.
Under Medicare's Hospital Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) Program, providers are incented—through penalties and bonuses—to perform better on certain quality measures and on patient experience surveys. In fiscal year 2015, the VBP program will withhold 1.5% of payments for all hospitals and distribute incentive payments based on performance—with patient experience affecting 30% of a provider's performance score.
A research paper discussing the process of cultural humility and its important role in research to better understand the perspectives and context of the researcher and the research participant.
An online learning and resource center that supports clinical and non-clinical health care professionals to reduce health disparities and promote health equity.
Research Study tested whether an innovative empathy training protocol grounded in neuroscience could improve physician empathy as rated by patients.
Dr. Raj Sundar explores the history and culture of Washington's diverse communities so clinicians can be better equipped with the right knowledge to care for all patients. By better understanding their worldview, providers can become better at taking care of their patients.
HRAF produces scholarly resources and infrastructure for research, teaching and learning, and supports and conducts original research on cross-cultural variation.
Cultural mediators help provide culturally sensitive care, making a difference beyond the consult room.
Questions for effective cultural communications.
The site includes a series of modules that can be used sequentially to provide a comprehensive learning guide for working with LGBT patients.
he NAD Law and Advocacy Center leads the nation in challenging the most life-threatening form of discrimination against deaf or hard of hearing individuals – discrimination by health care and mental health service providers.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services resource library
This qualitative (focused) ethnographic study explored communication strategies for HCPs to initiate EOL care discussions with older Chinese Americans in the San Francisco Bay Area.
A conversation with Ahmed Ali is a pharmacist by profession and the executive director of the Somali Health Board. He discusses; patient encounters, counseling about nutrition in a culturally appropriate way, review a common supplement used in the community, + more
Blog post about cultural humility on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Culture of Health blog.
Public health and communications experts who are well versed in the most pressing, evolving public health issues of our time, hosting a library of free, on-demand webinars.
An examination of the meaning and connotations of terms "cultural competency" among health care providers, and calls for a greater emphasis on cultural humility.
A community guide to advance health equity- community-created strategies, practices, and resources to support healthier living for everyone.
Trauma Informed Care (TIC) is an organizational structure and treatment framework that involves understanding, recognizing, and responding to the effects of all types of trauma. It emphasizes physical, psychological and emotional safety for both consumers and providers, and helps survivors rebuild a sense of control and empowerment. The TIC Project examines policies, practices and organizational structures to help prevent re-traumatization, and aims to educate and train practitioners in evidenced based trauma informed services.